- Most Ajwaf verbs have an Alif (ا ) as its second or middle letter.
- The origin of the middle Alif is mostly a Waw (و ) or a Yaa (ي ), that is turned into an Alif.
- There are a few verbs in which the Waw or Yaa are not turned into an Alif.
Command | Present | Past |
زُرْ | يَزُورُ | زَارَ |
بِعْ | يَبِيعُ | بَاعَ |
اِعوَرْ | يَعْوَرُ | عَوِرَ |
- To know the origin of the Alif, get the noun from the verb.
Examples: باعَ = to sell (v.) ► بَيْعْ = selling (n.)
صامَ= to fast (v.) ► صَوْمْ = fasting (n.)
- If the middle radical is (و), then the first and second persons take Dhamma ( ُ ) on the first radical of the past tense. قال ◀ قول ◀ قُلتُ / قُلتَ
- If the middle radical is (ي), then the first and second persons take Kasrah ( ِ ) on the first radical of the past tense. سار ◀ سير ◀ سِرتُ / سِرتَ
- The Ajwaf verbs in past tense drop the weak letter if the verb is assigned to (نا الفاعلين, تاء الفاعل, نون النسوة) as in (قـلت- قـلنا- قـلن).
- Ajwaf verbs in present tense drop the weak letter only if the verb is assigned to (نون النسوة) as in يقول يقُلنَ.
- In the imperative tense the weak letter returns to its original (ا-و-ي) if the verb is assigned to (الف الاثنين – واو الجماعة – ياء المخاطبة) as in قال ◀ قُولا قُولُوا قُولِي and باعَ ◀ بيعا بيعوا بيعي
present tense | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Plural | Dual | Singular | – | |
Third Person | يَزُورُونthey visit | يَزَورَانthey visit | يَزوُرْhe visits | M |
يَزُرْنَthey visit | تَزُورَانthey visit | تَزوُرْshe visits | F | |
Second Person | تَزُورُونyou visit | تَزُورَانyou visit | تَزُورyou visit | M |
تَزُرْنَyou visit | تَزُورَانyou visit | تَزُورِينyou visit | F | |
First Person | نَزُورwe visit | أَزُورI visit | M & F |
imperative(command) tense | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Plural | Dual | Singular | .. | |
Third Person | .. | .. | .. | M |
.. | .. | .. | F | |
Second Person | زَورُواvisit | زُورَاvisit | زُرْvisit | M |
زُرْنَvisit | زُورَاvisit | زُورِي visit | F | |
First Person | .. | .. | .. | M & F |