Grammar

Words which have two repeated or doubled letters in its root (base).

We will divide the doubled verb into two categories as the rules for each differ.

Triliteral verbs are verbs with three radicals or letters in its root. Whereas quadrilateral verbs have four radicals.

Trilileral Doubled Verbs

These are three letter verbs where the 2nd and 3rd letters are the same. For example: شَدَّ، رَدَّ.

• Here the verb looks like it has only two letters in its stem. But actually there are three letters as the second letter of the verb has a Shaddah ّ on it which represents the letter repeating twice. رَدَّ = رَدَدَ.

• When using the verb in the past tense, the duplicated letters can be unfolded in the case of  ( تاء الفاعل – نا الفاعلين – نون النسوة). Eg.: رَدَدْتُ / رَدَدْتَ / رَدَدْتِ / رَدَدْتُمَا / رَدَدْنَا / رَدَدْنَ.

• When using the verb in present tenses, the duplicated letters can be unfolded when assigned to  نون النسوة. Eg.: يَرْدُدْنَ / تَرْدُدْنَ

• When using the verb in the imperative tense, the duplicated letters can be unfolded when assigned to (نون النسوة and we should add Hamza  to the beginning of the verb as in ردَّ : أَردُدنَ.

Quadriliteral Doubled Verbs

These are verbs with four radicals in their root. The first and third radicals are the same also the second and fourth radicals are the same too . Eg.: زَلْزَلَ

These verbs follow normal conjugation.

In this case, the verbs are conjugated normally.

A Mahmouz verb has a Hamza in its root (base).

The Hamza can come:

1) At the beginning of the base verb; e.g. أكلَ  (ate ).

2) In the middle of the base verb; e.g. سألَ (asked).

3) At the end of the base verb; e.g. قرأ (read).

Conjugation:

• In some verbs starting with Hamza, when used with “أ” in the first person present tense, the Hamza changes to the long Alif with Maddah at the beginning; e.g. أكل >>> آكُلُ = I eat, and أخَذَ آخُذُ = I take.)

• The Hamza is dropped in the imperative form of some verbs مُر/خُذ /سَلْ/ كُلْ as in the words of the Prophet peace be upon him: 

:قول الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم

مُروا أولادكم بالصلاة وهو أبناء سبع

“Order your children to pray and when they are 7 years old”

However, it is permissible in the verb أمَرَ: مُر to keep the hamza when it comes in the middle of the word/there is a letter before the Hamza:

(وأمر أهلك بالصلاة)

(132 طه)

(And order your family to pray) [132 Taha]  

The Healthy Salim Verb does not have a Hamza, doubled letter or sick letter.

Ex.: – خرجَ محمد من الفصل

Mohammad went out of the class.

Rules to keep in mind:

If the third letter of the present tense has Kasra or Fatha, the first letter of the imperative will have Kasra. If it is Dhamma, then the first letter of the imperative will also be Dhamma.

Questions:

How do you determine the imperative for each of these verbs if you were speaking to a female?

Not sure? Read the section on imperatives again.

The root of these verbs does not include a weak letter (و ، ا ، ي), so they are regular verbs (i.e. their conjugation is regular).

Healthy Verb has three types

Three Cases of Verbs in Arabic

Every verb in Arabic has 3 forms: Past, Present and Command tense.

Examples:

If you have noticed, the patters are different for each of these examples. We will come to the reason in the later sections.